智能合约开发

undefined11. 智能合约开发

undefined11.1 虚拟机的php实现设计与原型代码

智能合约是由指令来组成的. 先看下我们设计的基本指令集:

+-*/%
and, or, xor, not
< > = != = >=
ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, MOD
AND, OR, XOR, NOT
LT, GT, EQ, NE, LEQ, GEQ
ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, MOD (INTEGER,INTEGER) -> INTEGER
AND, OR ,XOR   (INTEGER, INTEGER) -> BINARY
LT,GT,EQ,NE,LEQ,GEQ (INTEGER,INTEGER) -> BINARY
NOT  (BINARY) -> BINARY

stack machine

(integer, integer) -> integer

(binary, binary) -> binary

binary -> binary

指令程序举例说明:

![image_1bv1q6hcu4ipkio1faa1a3i1rt9.png-669.9kB][33]

/*  stack machine:
   JMP -- 无条件的跳
   JMPZ -- 有条件的跳 - 要是堆栈最上面是0
   DUP
   LT - 少于
   LTE - 少于或者等于
   EQ - 等于
   GT - 多于
   GTE - 多于或者等于
   LABEL - 控制地点, 即位置
   while() if()
   $i = 0;
   .1000 while ($i < 5) { $i++; } .2000
   PUSH 0 LABEL 1000 DUP PUSH 5 GT JMPZ 2000 PUSH 1 ADD JUMP 1000 POP
*/

智能合约的代码:

<?php
// execute(sprintf('PUSH %d PUSH %d HALT SEND', rand(), rand(1, 10)));
// $i = 0; while($i < 5) { $i++; } 
// $a = 1; $b = 1; while(1) { $c = $a + $b; print($c); $a = $b; $b = $c;
// PUSH 1 PUSH 1 LABEL 1000
// DUP SWAP2 DUP SWAP3 ADD DUP PRINT
// DUP PUSH 10 SWAP1 MOD PUSH 0 EQ JMP 2000
// SWAP1 SWAP2 POP
// JMP 1000
// LABEL 2000
// PUSH 1 PUSH 1 LABEL 1000 DUP SWAP2 DUP SWAP3 ADD DUP PRINT DUP PUSH 10 SWAP1 MOD PUSH 0 NEQ JMPZ 2000 SWAP1 SWAP2 POP JMP 1000 LABEL 2000
// execute(sprintf('PUSH 0 LABEL 1000 DUP PUSH 5 GT JMPZ 2000 PUSH 1 ADD PUSH %d PUSH %d SEND JMP 1000 LABEL 2000', rand(), rand()));
execute('PUSH 1 PUSH 1 LABEL 1000 DUP SWAP2 DUP SWAP3 ADD DUP PRINT DUP PUSH 10 SWAP1 MOD PUSH 0 NE JMPZ 2000 SWAP1 SWAP2 POP JMP 1000 LABEL 2000');
// $_0000 = convert('PUSH 3 PUSH 4 LABEL 2000 POP POP JMP 2000 JMPZ 2000');
//var_dump($_0000);
/*
   ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, MOD
   AND, OR, XOR, NOT
   LT, GT, EQ, NE, LEQ, GEQ
   + - * / %
   and, or, xor, not
   < > = != <= >=
   JMP -- wutiaojian de tiao
   JMPZ -- youtiaojian de tiao - yaoshi duizhan zuishangmian shi ling
   DUP
   LT - shaoyu
   LTE - shaoyu huozhe dengyu
   EQ - dengyu
   GT - duoyu
   GTE - duoyu huozhe dengyu
   LABEL - kongzhi didian
   while() if()
   $i = 0;
   .1000 while ($i < 5) { $i++; } .2000
   PUSH 0 LABEL 1000 DUP PUSH 5 GT JMPZ 2000 PUSH 1 ADD JUMP 1000 POP
*/
function convert($string) {
   $operations = array();
   $_0000 = explode(' ', $string);
   $pieces = array();
   foreach ($_0000 as $_0001) {
      $_0001 = trim($_0001);
      if (strlen($_0001) > 0)
         { $pieces[] = $_0001; }
   }
   $index = 0;
   while ($index < count($pieces)) {
      if ($pieces[$index] == 'PUSH' || $pieces[$index] == 'LABEL' || $pieces[$index] == 'JMP' || $pieces[$index] == 'JMPZ') {
         $operations[] = array($pieces[$index], $pieces[$index + 1]);
         $index += 2;
         continue;
      }
      $operations[] = array($pieces[$index]);
      $index++;
   }
   return $operations;
}
/*
   shallow storage - byte array       array()
   deep storage - byte array          array()
   stack - four bytes                 array()
   instruction pointer
   ADD SUB MUL DIV MOD
   DONGCI: add, subtract, multiply, divide, modulate
   MINGCI: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulation
   AND OR NOT XOR
   READ, WRITE
   LOAD, STORE
   array_pop, array_push
   function: string -> string
   3 + 5
   array_push 3 array_push 5 ADD
   array_push 3
   array_push 5
   ADD
   array_push 3    array(3)
   array_push 5    array(3, 5)
   ADD       array(8)
*/
function render($stack) {
   $_0000 = '';
   foreach ($stack as $_0001) {
      $_0000 = sprintf('%s, %d', $_0000, $_0001);
   }
   return substr($_0000, 2);
}
function execute($string) {
   execute_0984(convert($string));
}
function execute_0984($operations) {
   $stack = array();
   echo sprintf('stack: %s%c', render($stack), 10);
   $index = 0;
   $length = count($operations);
   while($index < $length) {
      $_0000 = $operations[$index];
      echo sprintf('-- %s %s%c', $_0000[0], isset($_0000[1])? strval($_0000[1]): '', 10);
      $bundle = step($stack, $_0000);
      if ($bundle[0] == 0) {
         echo sprintf('stack: %s%c', render($bundle[1]), 10);
         $stack = $bundle[1];
         $index++;
         continue;
      }
      if ($bundle[0] == 1) {
         echo sprintf('-- SPECIAL EVENT: HALTED!! DIED!!%c', 10);
         break;
      }
      if ($bundle[0] == 2) {
         echo sprintf('stack: %s%c', render($bundle[2]), 10);
         $stack = $bundle[2];
         $index = find($operations, $bundle[1]);
         if ($index == -1)
            { die('INVALID ADDRESS!!'); }
         continue;         
      }
   }
}
function find($operations, $label) {
   $index = 0;
   while ($index < count($operations)) {
      if ($operations[$index][0] != 'LABEL')
         { $index++; continue; }
      if ($operations[$index][34] == $label)
         { return $index; }
      $index++;
   }
   return -1;
}
function step($stack, $operation) {
   if ($operation[0] == 'JMP') {
      return array(2, $operation[1], $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'JMPZ') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      if ($a == 0)
         { return array(2, $operation[1], $stack); }
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'LABEL') {
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'SWAP1') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'SWAP2') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $c = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      array_push($stack, $c);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'SWAP3') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $c = array_pop($stack);
      $d = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $c);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      array_push($stack, $d);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'ADD') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a + $b);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'SUB') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a - $b);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'MUL') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a * $b);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'DIV') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, floor($a / $b));
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'MOD') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a % $b);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'AND') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a) && boolval($b)? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'OR') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a) || boolval($b)? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'XOR') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, (boolval($a) && ! boolval($b)) || (! boolval($a) && boolval($b))? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'NOT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a)? 0: 1);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'PUSH') {
      array_push($stack, $operation[1]);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'POP') {
      array_pop($stack);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'SEND') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      echo sprintf('++ SPECIAL EVENT: %d was sent to %d%c', $a, $b, 10);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'PRINT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      echo sprintf('%c[32m++ PRINT: %d%c[0m%c', 27, $a, 27, 10);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'HALT') {
      return array(1);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'DUP') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'LT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a < $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'LTE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a <= $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'EQ') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a == $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'NE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a != $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'GT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a > $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
   if ($operation[0] == 'GTE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a >= $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack);
   }
}

运行结果:

stack: 
-- PUSH 1
stack: 1
-- PUSH 1
stack: 1, 1
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 1, 1
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 1, 1
-- SWAP2 
stack: 1, 1, 1
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 1, 1, 1
-- SWAP3 
stack: 1, 1, 1, 1
-- ADD 
stack: 1, 1, 2
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 1, 2, 2
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 2
stack: 1, 1, 2
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 1, 2, 2
-- PUSH 10
stack: 1, 1, 2, 2, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 1, 1, 2, 10, 2
-- MOD 
stack: 1, 1, 2, 2
-- PUSH 0
stack: 1, 1, 2, 2, 0
-- NE 
stack: 1, 1, 2, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 1, 1, 2
-- SWAP1 
stack: 1, 2, 1
-- SWAP2 
stack: 1, 2, 1
-- POP 
stack: 1, 2
-- JMP 1000
stack: 1, 2
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 1, 2
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 2, 2
-- SWAP2 
stack: 2, 2, 1
-- DUP 
stack: 2, 2, 1, 1
-- SWAP3 
stack: 1, 2, 1, 2
-- ADD 
stack: 1, 2, 3
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 2, 3, 3
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 3
stack: 1, 2, 3
-- DUP 
stack: 1, 2, 3, 3
-- PUSH 10
stack: 1, 2, 3, 3, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 1, 2, 3, 10, 3
-- MOD 
stack: 1, 2, 3, 3
-- PUSH 0
stack: 1, 2, 3, 3, 0
-- NE 
stack: 1, 2, 3, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 1, 2, 3
-- SWAP1 
stack: 1, 3, 2
-- SWAP2 
stack: 2, 3, 1
-- POP 
stack: 2, 3
-- JMP 1000
stack: 2, 3
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 2, 3
-- DUP 
stack: 2, 3, 3
-- SWAP2 
stack: 3, 3, 2
-- DUP 
stack: 3, 3, 2, 2
-- SWAP3 
stack: 2, 3, 2, 3
-- ADD 
stack: 2, 3, 5
-- DUP 
stack: 2, 3, 5, 5
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 5
stack: 2, 3, 5
-- DUP 
stack: 2, 3, 5, 5
-- PUSH 10
stack: 2, 3, 5, 5, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 2, 3, 5, 10, 5
-- MOD 
stack: 2, 3, 5, 5
-- PUSH 0
stack: 2, 3, 5, 5, 0
-- NE 
stack: 2, 3, 5, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 2, 3, 5
-- SWAP1 
stack: 2, 5, 3
-- SWAP2 
stack: 3, 5, 2
-- POP 
stack: 3, 5
-- JMP 1000
stack: 3, 5
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 3, 5
-- DUP 
stack: 3, 5, 5
-- SWAP2 
stack: 5, 5, 3
-- DUP 
stack: 5, 5, 3, 3
-- SWAP3 
stack: 3, 5, 3, 5
-- ADD 
stack: 3, 5, 8
-- DUP 
stack: 3, 5, 8, 8
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 8
stack: 3, 5, 8
-- DUP 
stack: 3, 5, 8, 8
-- PUSH 10
stack: 3, 5, 8, 8, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 3, 5, 8, 10, 8
-- MOD 
stack: 3, 5, 8, 8
-- PUSH 0
stack: 3, 5, 8, 8, 0
-- NE 
stack: 3, 5, 8, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 3, 5, 8
-- SWAP1 
stack: 3, 8, 5
-- SWAP2 
stack: 5, 8, 3
-- POP 
stack: 5, 8
-- JMP 1000
stack: 5, 8
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 5, 8
-- DUP 
stack: 5, 8, 8
-- SWAP2 
stack: 8, 8, 5
-- DUP 
stack: 8, 8, 5, 5
-- SWAP3 
stack: 5, 8, 5, 8
-- ADD 
stack: 5, 8, 13
-- DUP 
stack: 5, 8, 13, 13
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 13
stack: 5, 8, 13
-- DUP 
stack: 5, 8, 13, 13
-- PUSH 10
stack: 5, 8, 13, 13, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 5, 8, 13, 10, 13
-- MOD 
stack: 5, 8, 13, 3
-- PUSH 0
stack: 5, 8, 13, 3, 0
-- NE 
stack: 5, 8, 13, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 5, 8, 13
-- SWAP1 
stack: 5, 13, 8
-- SWAP2 
stack: 8, 13, 5
-- POP 
stack: 8, 13
-- JMP 1000
stack: 8, 13
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 8, 13
-- DUP 
stack: 8, 13, 13
-- SWAP2 
stack: 13, 13, 8
-- DUP 
stack: 13, 13, 8, 8
-- SWAP3 
stack: 8, 13, 8, 13
-- ADD 
stack: 8, 13, 21
-- DUP 
stack: 8, 13, 21, 21
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 21
stack: 8, 13, 21
-- DUP 
stack: 8, 13, 21, 21
-- PUSH 10
stack: 8, 13, 21, 21, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 8, 13, 21, 10, 21
-- MOD 
stack: 8, 13, 21, 1
-- PUSH 0
stack: 8, 13, 21, 1, 0
-- NE 
stack: 8, 13, 21, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 8, 13, 21
-- SWAP1 
stack: 8, 21, 13
-- SWAP2 
stack: 13, 21, 8
-- POP 
stack: 13, 21
-- JMP 1000
stack: 13, 21
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 13, 21
-- DUP 
stack: 13, 21, 21
-- SWAP2 
stack: 21, 21, 13
-- DUP 
stack: 21, 21, 13, 13
-- SWAP3 
stack: 13, 21, 13, 21
-- ADD 
stack: 13, 21, 34
-- DUP 
stack: 13, 21, 34, 34
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 34
stack: 13, 21, 34
-- DUP 
stack: 13, 21, 34, 34
-- PUSH 10
stack: 13, 21, 34, 34, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 13, 21, 34, 10, 34
-- MOD 
stack: 13, 21, 34, 4
-- PUSH 0
stack: 13, 21, 34, 4, 0
-- NE 
stack: 13, 21, 34, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 13, 21, 34
-- SWAP1 
stack: 13, 34, 21
-- SWAP2 
stack: 21, 34, 13
-- POP 
stack: 21, 34
-- JMP 1000
stack: 21, 34
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 21, 34
-- DUP 
stack: 21, 34, 34
-- SWAP2 
stack: 34, 34, 21
-- DUP 
stack: 34, 34, 21, 21
-- SWAP3 
stack: 21, 34, 21, 34
-- ADD 
stack: 21, 34, 55
-- DUP 
stack: 21, 34, 55, 55
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 55
stack: 21, 34, 55
-- DUP 
stack: 21, 34, 55, 55
-- PUSH 10
stack: 21, 34, 55, 55, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 21, 34, 55, 10, 55
-- MOD 
stack: 21, 34, 55, 5
-- PUSH 0
stack: 21, 34, 55, 5, 0
-- NE 
stack: 21, 34, 55, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 21, 34, 55
-- SWAP1 
stack: 21, 55, 34
-- SWAP2 
stack: 34, 55, 21
-- POP 
stack: 34, 55
-- JMP 1000
stack: 34, 55
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 34, 55
-- DUP 
stack: 34, 55, 55
-- SWAP2 
stack: 55, 55, 34
-- DUP 
stack: 55, 55, 34, 34
-- SWAP3 
stack: 34, 55, 34, 55
-- ADD 
stack: 34, 55, 89
-- DUP 
stack: 34, 55, 89, 89
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 89
stack: 34, 55, 89
-- DUP 
stack: 34, 55, 89, 89
-- PUSH 10
stack: 34, 55, 89, 89, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 34, 55, 89, 10, 89
-- MOD 
stack: 34, 55, 89, 9
-- PUSH 0
stack: 34, 55, 89, 9, 0
-- NE 
stack: 34, 55, 89, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 34, 55, 89
-- SWAP1 
stack: 34, 89, 55
-- SWAP2 
stack: 55, 89, 34
-- POP 
stack: 55, 89
-- JMP 1000
stack: 55, 89
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 55, 89
-- DUP 
stack: 55, 89, 89
-- SWAP2 
stack: 89, 89, 55
-- DUP 
stack: 89, 89, 55, 55
-- SWAP3 
stack: 55, 89, 55, 89
-- ADD 
stack: 55, 89, 144
-- DUP 
stack: 55, 89, 144, 144
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 144
stack: 55, 89, 144
-- DUP 
stack: 55, 89, 144, 144
-- PUSH 10
stack: 55, 89, 144, 144, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 55, 89, 144, 10, 144
-- MOD 
stack: 55, 89, 144, 4
-- PUSH 0
stack: 55, 89, 144, 4, 0
-- NE 
stack: 55, 89, 144, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 55, 89, 144
-- SWAP1 
stack: 55, 144, 89
-- SWAP2 
stack: 89, 144, 55
-- POP 
stack: 89, 144
-- JMP 1000
stack: 89, 144
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 89, 144
-- DUP 
stack: 89, 144, 144
-- SWAP2 
stack: 144, 144, 89
-- DUP 
stack: 144, 144, 89, 89
-- SWAP3 
stack: 89, 144, 89, 144
-- ADD 
stack: 89, 144, 233
-- DUP 
stack: 89, 144, 233, 233
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 233
stack: 89, 144, 233
-- DUP 
stack: 89, 144, 233, 233
-- PUSH 10
stack: 89, 144, 233, 233, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 89, 144, 233, 10, 233
-- MOD 
stack: 89, 144, 233, 3
-- PUSH 0
stack: 89, 144, 233, 3, 0
-- NE 
stack: 89, 144, 233, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 89, 144, 233
-- SWAP1 
stack: 89, 233, 144
-- SWAP2 
stack: 144, 233, 89
-- POP 
stack: 144, 233
-- JMP 1000
stack: 144, 233
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 144, 233
-- DUP 
stack: 144, 233, 233
-- SWAP2 
stack: 233, 233, 144
-- DUP 
stack: 233, 233, 144, 144
-- SWAP3 
stack: 144, 233, 144, 233
-- ADD 
stack: 144, 233, 377
-- DUP 
stack: 144, 233, 377, 377
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 377
stack: 144, 233, 377
-- DUP 
stack: 144, 233, 377, 377
-- PUSH 10
stack: 144, 233, 377, 377, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 144, 233, 377, 10, 377
-- MOD 
stack: 144, 233, 377, 7
-- PUSH 0
stack: 144, 233, 377, 7, 0
-- NE 
stack: 144, 233, 377, 1
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 144, 233, 377
-- SWAP1 
stack: 144, 377, 233
-- SWAP2 
stack: 233, 377, 144
-- POP 
stack: 233, 377
-- JMP 1000
stack: 233, 377
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 233, 377
-- DUP 
stack: 233, 377, 377
-- SWAP2 
stack: 377, 377, 233
-- DUP 
stack: 377, 377, 233, 233
-- SWAP3 
stack: 233, 377, 233, 377
-- ADD 
stack: 233, 377, 610
-- DUP 
stack: 233, 377, 610, 610
-- PRINT 
++ PRINT: 610
stack: 233, 377, 610
-- DUP 
stack: 233, 377, 610, 610
-- PUSH 10
stack: 233, 377, 610, 610, 10
-- SWAP1 
stack: 233, 377, 610, 10, 610
-- MOD 
stack: 233, 377, 610, 0
-- PUSH 0
stack: 233, 377, 610, 0, 0
-- NE 
stack: 233, 377, 610, 0
-- JMPZ 2000
stack: 233, 377, 610
-- LABEL 2000
stack: 233, 377, 610

undefined11.2 重写step函数

/*
0 表示状态
2 表示跳
*/
function step($stack, $shallow, $deep, $action, $immediate)
{
  if($action == 'JMP' ){
    array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
    array(1);
    array(2, $jump)
  }
}

undefined11.3 运行举例

execute('PUSH 0 LOAD PUSH 1000 GT JMPZ 1000 HALT LABEL 1000 PUSH 1 LOAD PUSH 200 SWAP1 WRITE');
/*
associative array
  6820 -> 200
  1977 -> 100
PUSH 100 PUSH 6820 WRITE
PUSH 200 PUSH 1977 WRITE
PUSH 1977 READ
PUSH 6820 READ
*/

undefined11.4 代码

第18次课程代码

$program = 'PUSH 0 LOAD PUSH 1000 GT JMPZ 1000 HALT LABEL 1000 PUSH 1 LOAD PUSH 200 SWAP1 WRITE';
list($shallow, $deep) = execute($program, array(0 => 2000, 1 => 7440), array(7440 => 100, 6508 => 200));
var_dump($deep);
/*
associative array
  6820 -> 200
  1977 -> 100
PUSH 100 PUSH 6820 WRITE
PUSH 200 PUSH 1977 WRITE
PUSH 1977 READ
PUSH 6820 READ
*/
function convert($string) {
   $operations = array();
   $_0000 = explode(' ', $string);
   $pieces = array();
   foreach ($_0000 as $_0001) {
      $_0001 = trim($_0001);
      if (strlen($_0001) > 0)
         { $pieces[] = $_0001; }
   }
   $index = 0;
   while ($index < count($pieces)) {
      if ($pieces[$index] == 'PUSH' || $pieces[$index] == 'LABEL' || $pieces[$index] == 'JMP' || $pieces[$index] == 'JMPZ') {
         $operations[] = array($pieces[$index], $pieces[$index + 1]);
         $index += 2;
         continue;
      }
      $operations[] = array($pieces[$index]);
      $index++;
   }
   return $operations;
}
function render($stack) {
   $_0000 = '';
   foreach ($stack as $_0001) {
      $_0000 = sprintf('%s, %d', $_0000, $_0001);
   }
   return substr($_0000, 2);
}
function execute($string, $shallow, $deep) {
   return execute_0984(convert($string), $shallow, $deep);
}
function execute_0984($operations, $shallow, $deep) {
   $stack = array();
   echo sprintf('stack: %s%c', render($stack), 10);
   $index = 0;
   $length = count($operations);
   while($index < $length) {
      $_0000 = $operations[$index];
      echo sprintf('-- %s %s%c', $_0000[0], isset($_0000[1])? strval($_0000[1]): '', 10);
      $bundle = step($stack, $shallow, $deep, $_0000[0], $_0000[1]);
      if ($bundle[0] == 0) {
         echo sprintf('stack: %s%c', render($bundle[1]), 10);
         $stack = $bundle[1];
         $shallow = $bundle[2];
         $deep = $bundle[3];
         $index++;
         continue;
      }
      if ($bundle[0] == 1) {
         echo sprintf('-- SPECIAL EVENT: HALTED!! DIED!!%c', 10);
         break;
      }
      if ($bundle[0] == 2) {
         $index = find($operations, $bundle[2]);
         $stack = $bundle[1];
         if ($index == -1)
            { die('INVALID ADDRESS!!'); }
         continue;         
      }
   }
   return array($shallow, $deep);
}
function find($operations, $label) {
   $index = 0;
   while ($index < count($operations)) {
      if ($operations[$index][0] != 'LABEL')
         { $index++; continue; }
      if ($operations[$index][35] == $label)
         { return $index; }
      $index++;
   }
   return -1;
}
function step($stack, $shallow, $deep, $action, $immediate)
{
   if ($action == 'ADD') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a + $b);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'SUB') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a - $b);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'MUL') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a * $b);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'DIV') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, floor($a / $b));
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'MOD') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a % $b);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'LT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a < $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'LTE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a <= $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'EQ') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a == $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'NE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a != $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'GT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a > $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'GTE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a >= $b? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'AND') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a) && boolval($b)? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'OR') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a) || boolval($b)? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'XOR') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, (boolval($a) && ! boolval($b)) || (! boolval($a) && boolval($b))? 1: 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'NOT') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, boolval($a)? 0: 1);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'JMP') {
      return array(2, $stack, $immediate);
   }
   if ($action == 'JMPZ') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      if ($a == 0)
         return array(2, $stack, $immediate);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'LABEL') {
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'HALT') {
      return array(1);
   }
   if ($action == 'PUSH') {
      array_push($stack, $immediate);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'POP') {
      array_pop($stack);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'DUP') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'STORE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $shallow[$a] = $b;
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'LOAD') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, isset($shallow[$a]) ? $shallow[$a] : 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'WRITE') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $deep[$a] = $b;
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'READ') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, isset($deep[$a]) ? $deep[$a] : 0);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'SWAP1') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'SWAP2') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $c = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      array_push($stack, $c);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
   if ($action == 'SWAP3') {
      $a = array_pop($stack);
      $b = array_pop($stack);
      $c = array_pop($stack);
      $d = array_pop($stack);
      array_push($stack, $a);
      array_push($stack, $c);
      array_push($stack, $b);
      array_push($stack, $d);
      return array(0, $stack, $shallow, $deep);
   }
}

执行结果:

stack: 
-- PUSH 0
stack: 0
-- LOAD 
stack: 2000
-- PUSH 1000
stack: 2000, 1000
-- GT 
stack: 0
-- JMPZ 1000
-- LABEL 1000
stack: 
-- PUSH 1
stack: 1
-- LOAD 
stack: 7440
-- PUSH 200
stack: 7440, 200
-- SWAP1 
stack: 200, 7440
-- WRITE 
stack: 
array(2) {
  [7440]=>
  string(3) "200"
  [6508]=>
  int(200)
}